{
  "name": "The Dental Implant Access Gap: cost burden and specialist supply in 50 US states, 2026",
  "version": "2026.1",
  "datePublished": "2026-10-24",
  "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23878538",
  "identifier": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23878538",
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "url": "https://dentalimplantcalc.com/dental-implant-access-gap/",
  "citation": "Sharma, S. (2026). The Dental Implant Access Gap: cost burden and specialist supply in 50 US states, 2026 (Version 2026.1) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23878538",
  "creator": "Sharma, Saurabh",
  "columns": [
    "state",
    "usps",
    "region_tier",
    "median_household_income_2024_usd",
    "income_moe_90pct_usd",
    "single_implant_low_usd",
    "single_implant_high_usd",
    "single_implant_pct_of_median_income",
    "one_arch_low_usd",
    "one_arch_high_usd",
    "one_arch_pct_of_median_income",
    "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons",
    "oral_surgeons_per_100k",
    "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50",
    "all_dentists",
    "dentists_per_100k",
    "dentist_rank_of_50",
    "population_2025",
    "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024",
    "quadrant"
  ],
  "rowCount": 50,
  "data": [
    {
      "state": "New York",
      "usps": "NY",
      "region_tier": "majorMetro",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 85820,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 653,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 5537,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 6389,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 6.95,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 19500,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 37500,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 33.21,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 643,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 3.21,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 2,
      "all_dentists": 14286,
      "dentists_per_100k": 71.42,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 6,
      "population_2025": 20002427,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "better supply, heavier cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Florida",
      "usps": "FL",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 77735,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 564,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.48,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 25.73,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 456,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.94,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 34,
      "all_dentists": 12635,
      "dentists_per_100k": 53.85,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 26,
      "population_2025": 23462518,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "thin supply, lighter cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Texas",
      "usps": "TX",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 79721,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 564,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.34,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 25.09,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 568,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.79,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 38,
      "all_dentists": 16761,
      "dentists_per_100k": 52.86,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 30,
      "population_2025": 31709821,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "thin supply, lighter cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Ohio",
      "usps": "OH",
      "region_tier": "lowerCostMarket",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 72212,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 538,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.9,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 27.7,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 196,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.65,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 44,
      "all_dentists": 5827,
      "dentists_per_100k": 48.96,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 36,
      "population_2025": 11900510,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "double bind"
    },
    {
      "state": "California",
      "usps": "CA",
      "region_tier": "majorMetro",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 100149,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 381,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 5537,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 6389,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.95,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 19500,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 37500,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 28.46,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 888,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.26,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 20,
      "all_dentists": 30647,
      "dentists_per_100k": 77.87,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 3,
      "population_2025": 39355309,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "better supply, heavier cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Michigan",
      "usps": "MI",
      "region_tier": "lowerCostMarket",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 72389,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 567,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.88,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 27.63,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 211,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.08,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 27,
      "all_dentists": 5883,
      "dentists_per_100k": 58.09,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 19,
      "population_2025": 10127884,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "double bind"
    },
    {
      "state": "New Jersey",
      "usps": "NJ",
      "region_tier": "majorMetro",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 104294,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 997,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 5537,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 6389,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.72,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 19500,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 37500,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 27.33,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 289,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 3.03,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 4,
      "all_dentists": 7385,
      "dentists_per_100k": 77.34,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 5,
      "population_2025": 9548215,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "yes",
      "quadrant": "better supply, heavier cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Georgia",
      "usps": "GA",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 79991,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 633,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.32,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 25,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 221,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.96,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 33,
      "all_dentists": 5404,
      "dentists_per_100k": 47.81,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 41,
      "population_2025": 11302748,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "thin supply, lighter cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Alabama",
      "usps": "AL",
      "region_tier": "lowerCostMarket",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 66659,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 780,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 6.39,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 30,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 83,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.6,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 46,
      "all_dentists": 2109,
      "dentists_per_100k": 40.61,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 50,
      "population_2025": 5193088,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "double bind"
    },
    {
      "state": "Mississippi",
      "usps": "MS",
      "region_tier": "lowerCostMarket",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 59127,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 1560,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 7.2,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 33.83,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 51,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.73,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 41,
      "all_dentists": 1285,
      "dentists_per_100k": 43.5,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 48,
      "population_2025": 2954160,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "double bind"
    },
    {
      "state": "Virginia",
      "usps": "VA",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 92090,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 831,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 4.62,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 21.72,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 220,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.48,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 12,
      "all_dentists": 5792,
      "dentists_per_100k": 65.22,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 13,
      "population_2025": 8880107,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "better on both"
    },
    {
      "state": "Illinois",
      "usps": "IL",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 83211,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 898,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.12,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 24.04,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 252,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.98,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 31,
      "all_dentists": 8511,
      "dentists_per_100k": 66.91,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 11,
      "population_2025": 12719141,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "thin supply, lighter cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Oregon",
      "usps": "OR",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 85220,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 1399,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 23.47,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 87,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.04,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 28,
      "all_dentists": 2790,
      "dentists_per_100k": 65.28,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 12,
      "population_2025": 4273586,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "yes",
      "quadrant": "thin supply, lighter cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Indiana",
      "usps": "IN",
      "region_tier": "lowerCostMarket",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 71959,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 630,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.92,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 27.79,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 116,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.66,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 43,
      "all_dentists": 3209,
      "dentists_per_100k": 46.02,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 45,
      "population_2025": 6973333,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "double bind"
    },
    {
      "state": "Pennsylvania",
      "usps": "PA",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 77545,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 816,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.49,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 25.79,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 340,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.6,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 8,
      "all_dentists": 7007,
      "dentists_per_100k": 53.65,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 27,
      "population_2025": 13059432,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "better on both"
    },
    {
      "state": "North Carolina",
      "usps": "NC",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 73958,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 863,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
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      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.76,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 27.04,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 259,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.31,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 17,
      "all_dentists": 6557,
      "dentists_per_100k": 58.56,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 17,
      "population_2025": 11197968,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "better supply, heavier cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Washington",
      "usps": "WA",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 99389,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 1322,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
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      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 4.29,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
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      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 20.12,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 190,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.37,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 13,
      "all_dentists": 5630,
      "dentists_per_100k": 70.37,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 7,
      "population_2025": 8001020,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "better on both"
    },
    {
      "state": "Arizona",
      "usps": "AZ",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 81486,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 684,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
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      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.23,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 24.54,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 137,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.8,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 37,
      "all_dentists": 4372,
      "dentists_per_100k": 57.35,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 20,
      "population_2025": 7623818,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "thin supply, lighter cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Massachusetts",
      "usps": "MA",
      "region_tier": "majorMetro",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 104828,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 1650,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 5537,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 6389,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.69,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 19500,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 37500,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 27.19,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 198,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.77,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 5,
      "all_dentists": 5849,
      "dentists_per_100k": 81.76,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 1,
      "population_2025": 7154084,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "better supply, heavier cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Colorado",
      "usps": "CO",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 97113,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 1081,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 4.39,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 20.59,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 155,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.58,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 9,
      "all_dentists": 4077,
      "dentists_per_100k": 67.81,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 10,
      "population_2025": 6012561,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "better on both"
    },
    {
      "state": "Tennessee",
      "usps": "TN",
      "region_tier": "lowerCostMarket",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 71997,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 638,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
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      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.92,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
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      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 27.78,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 173,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.36,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 14,
      "all_dentists": 3473,
      "dentists_per_100k": 47.48,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 43,
      "population_2025": 7315076,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "yes",
      "quadrant": "better supply, heavier cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Missouri",
      "usps": "MO",
      "region_tier": "lowerCostMarket",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 71589,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 703,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.95,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 27.94,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 103,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.64,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 45,
      "all_dentists": 3134,
      "dentists_per_100k": 49.98,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 35,
      "population_2025": 6270541,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "double bind"
    },
    {
      "state": "Maryland",
      "usps": "MD",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 102905,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 1404,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 4.14,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 19.44,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 171,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.73,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 7,
      "all_dentists": 4307,
      "dentists_per_100k": 68.74,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 8,
      "population_2025": 6265347,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "better on both"
    },
    {
      "state": "Wisconsin",
      "usps": "WI",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 77488,
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      "usps": "VT",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 82730,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 1846,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.15,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 24.18,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 13,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 2.02,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 29,
      "all_dentists": 348,
      "dentists_per_100k": 53.98,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 25,
      "population_2025": 644663,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "thin supply, lighter cost"
    },
    {
      "state": "Wyoming",
      "usps": "WY",
      "region_tier": "nationalAverage",
      "median_household_income_2024_usd": 75532,
      "income_moe_90pct_usd": 2468,
      "single_implant_low_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_high_usd": 4259,
      "single_implant_pct_of_median_income": 5.64,
      "one_arch_low_usd": 15000,
      "one_arch_high_usd": 25000,
      "one_arch_pct_of_median_income": 26.48,
      "oral_maxillofacial_surgeons": 7,
      "oral_surgeons_per_100k": 1.19,
      "oral_surgeon_rank_of_50": 50,
      "all_dentists": 295,
      "dentists_per_100k": 50.11,
      "dentist_rank_of_50": 34,
      "population_2025": 588753,
      "medicaid_adult_dental_extensive_2024": "no",
      "quadrant": "double bind"
    }
  ]
}
